In the old days I would use a map. Around LA, we're I learned to fly, the map was pretty cluttered but I knew my way around the LA basin pretty well.
When I got out of the Navy and moved to Alabama, the reverse was the issue. Not enough land marks, the old VOR radials were priceless back then.
Funny though, flying around Central Alabama isn't as hard as it was when I first moved here.
Sorry if I seemed patronizing.
I flew lots of NDB approaches back in the day, and the back-course ones too. Civilian radio stations on the ADF were invaluable, in my time.