I've posted in this thread already, but let me sharpen my stance:
1) We know nothing in respect to the Thargoids offensive or deffinsive capabilities. All we know is, that our weapons will be less effective against them. If this is true for all weapons of just kinetics, thermal or explosive is unknown. Therefore, any special preparation in respect to shields and weapons is pointless.
2) The only aspect that is still completely under our control is our ship's speed (mainly combat speed, but also jump range).
3) The main engineer for combat speed is Professor Palin, who happens to live right where the Thargoids are expected to appear first!
Conclusion:
All we can do right now - and also what we should do imo (if having access) - is to make the trip to Maia and get our thrusters upgraded to the max. For running or fighting, that's up to anyones preference.
Who knows how difficult it will be in the future to reach the professor. If he survives. Game of Thrones taught us, that no main character is guaranteed to live in modern storytelling ...
--
Edit:
And oh yes, of course restocking the mats is a good advice by Clicker, too. Even if we don't know the exact components of future engineer upgrades (and I bet that there will be some new, Thargoid-related ingredients involved), there will be more traditional components necessary for sure.