
OP still at it, eh?
Ok, moving away from human devices and artificial habitats, the notion that trees are somehow essential to human life runs counter to our entire existence on the planet.
Everywhere people went they killed trees- this is because, as I mentioned before, trees are big, their roots are extensive and they are very thirsty. You can grow much more useful stuff than a stand of inedible trees with just a little effort. There are many ways to kill a tree- just cutting a circle through the outer ring will do, this was the preferred method for prehistoric Britons. Burning works- although the Aboriginal people of Australia went a bit overboard there. Burning small areas, clearing the roots using large animals- elephants, ox, horses, whatever you have available- and planting your crop in the rich, damp soil has allowed human agriculture to flourish for tens of thousands of years. The earliest site so far discovered is 23,000 years old, but there may be still older sites to be discovered. Some may have been lost forever- the sea level has risen by 120 metres over the last 20,000 years. The earliest farms may be tens of metres underwater today.
So why aren't we choking?
Well, mainly because virtually every green thing on the planet is better at producing oxygen and scrubbing CO2 than a tree. Most of the tree's bulk is in it's structure, the leaves are a small part of the organism as a whole. Compare that to algae, say, or phytoplankton or even grass or seaweed. The vast bulk of the organism is devoted to photosynthesis. A crop field is not only edible, but for much of it's life cycle it will do a much better job of maintaining our atmosphere than a copse of trees. The same is true of wetlands and even an equivalent area of shoreline.
Trees are beautiful and imposing, stagnant ponds and empty steppe are not. Naturally, we want to preserve the beautiful forests. There's nothing wrong with that, my family are planting more trees every year back home. Just be aware of the real benefit to your land- natural drainage, wind breaks, sustainable timber are all valid reasons for planting trees, as is doing it just because they look pretty. But planting them to generate oxygen is a really poor reason when everything else does it so much better.
So why the brouhaha about destroying rainforest?
Trees are great carbon sinks. The wood stores carbon. Ten pounds of wood can store the carbon released by a gallon of ethanol. Clearly that's not enough to justify using internal combustion engines- we really need an alternative! But the real danger is that when the rainforest is used for something else- burned, or made into cheap housing and furniture- the carbon will soon be released back into the atmosphere. Just check out how much woodchip is in the local municipal dump next time you're passing. No foul if the land is used for agriculture, but a real drama if it becomes urban sprawl. In the developing world that's pretty much exactly what's happening.
The answer isn't planting trees, though. Improving the livelihood, health and education of third world citizens removes much of the need for mass deforestation, forced by chronic overpopulation and the constant encroachment on local ecosystems that follows. It
can be done, many developing nations have become wealthy and stable by investing in their people. But it's not easy to go against the vested interests of the wealthy and powerful both in the third world and in the West. Burning down a forest and allowing a vast slum to take it's place is ridiculously easy, providing education, birth control, primary health care and a fully developed infrastructure for an entire nation is insanely difficult.
We live in interesting times!