As for Ci¬G and their financials, most seem to be under the assumption that the Calders are the only investors. What I see in the business model and sparse (Public) financial records points to there being other behind the scenes sources injecting some form of capital, probably off the books via the shell companies.
None of these investors have even a passing interest in a space game...that's not what Roberts...or more likely, Freyermuth... is selling them.
As for the grey market, there's some that make fairly substantial amounts bulk buying then re-selling accounts...and ships... so there must be some shadow accounting going on via that resource...and it
is a resource for Ci¬G or they'd have shut it down very quickly had that not been the case. Re-selling accounts is against TOS...but the accounts are still being re-sold none the less, and quite a few of them at that.
If you look at the grey market as an account re-seller with Ci¬G making a substantial income from it rather than merely a ship shop, it might be clearer why Ci¬G don't enforce the TOS regarding it...or open up their own official store to get rid of the artificial rarity they purposely induced by severely limiting what it has available for sale
