You could have survived this. You didn't even try to high wake out but just flew more or less straight. Thargoid attacks obviously ignore shields partially, so your best bet would have been 2 pips to shields (because they're not that effective and go down in like a second on your build anyway), 4 to engines, boost, quickly select another system and high wake out. Instead you just boosted straight presenting yourself as an easy target to the Thargoid ship. You even had at least a pip in weapons almost at all times when you never even deployed hardpoints and possibly don't even have weapons mounted. Even in a squishy Asp not even trying to evade it took the Thargoid almost two full minutes to kill you - more than enough time to wake out. Even a Hauler with a mining lance would eventually be lethal if you just flew straight with no attempts to evade and escape.