You know, that's a good question. I don't know if exploration rank progression is calculated at the time of scanning (like the payout), or if it's done when you actually sell your data. So, you might want to ask the devs instead.
Also, welcome to the hall of fame to CMDR MissingSea!
They did say that the profit increase only applies to scans made after 2.3, so I would imagine it's supposed to be the the same with the progression... of course there could have been an oversight on that part.