You'd be better off equiping a Cobra MkIII with the largest FSD and Fuel scoop it can take (Size 4A), you'll still have a decent sized Cargo Rack capacity to fill with limpets with the two size 4 remaining, just replace the 4C Shield Generator for a 2A and a Collector Limpet Controller in the second 2 sized slot, you don't need to engineer it for this.
For farming Raw materials on planet you'll have to swap for a 2H Planetary Vehicle Hangar, with ships this size, you don't have the luxury of having it all fitted in the same fit.
Visit systems in state of war, different Allegiances, look for signals sources after scanning the local Navigation Beacon, you will find tons of materials this way, including Encoded, which you can find by scanning the wrecks you will find in
Encoded Emissions spots when they are present, but alternatively you also can scan ships wakes leaving Distribution Centers in systems in state of Famine, using a Frame Shift Wake Scanner you can fit on your utility slots.
If I were you I'd leave the Vulture for a while and focuse on fatming meterials, the Cobra is the best tool for a player starting in this game.
For signals, one trick to look for: First make sure you chose a signal with at least 20/25 mn remaining, they have a timne limit, then once you find a good one, once you're finished farming it,
log OUT to desktop, log IN again, then throttle up and go into supercruise, once in supercruise start a loop as if you wanted to come back to the same spot (which you want).
The nearest signal will show in your Navigation Panels as Unidentified, selecit it (supercruise Assist) so as not overshot it.
What you want is to pop out off Supercruise back in the same spot and farm it all over again.
You should be looking for High Grade Emissions spots first they give Grade 4/5 materials, then Encoded Emissions with more often lower Grades materials and depending on respawn, a wreck to scan, signals from those don't give twice the data so don't bother looping.
You can find those systems using
EDDB just select Systems, then Allegiance for the type of materials you want, and Faction States.